Improvement in power-hammers



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*Orrron JOHN o. B'Urrnnmnnn, CHICAGO, I'LLINOIs.

IMPROVEMENT IN POWER-HAMMERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 156,276, dated October 27, 1874; application filed August 25,1874.

\ Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the same.

This invention relates to that class of hammers known as upright or dead-stroke hammers 5 and it consists in a novel mode of applying elastic buffers to the ram or hammerpiston to absorb the concussion from the hammer-stroke, and make theblow elastic. I am aware that metallic springs have been heretofore employed in connection with hammers of this class, for the purpose of making the blow elastic; but I am not aware that any such hammer has been heretofore constructed with a direct-acting driving mechanism and independent elastic buffers interposed in the connection between the hammer and said driving mechanism, to absorb the concussion, intensify the blow, and make the same elastic.

That othersmnay understand my invention, I will particularly describe it as constructed in the way which` I prefer. A is the ram or hammer-head, running in guides B B, and() is the stem or piston attached toL said ram, whereby the motion of the driving mechanism is transmitted to said hammer. y

For convenience of description said driving mechanism is represented by a reciprocating .connecting-rod, D, driven by a crank or eccentric on a revolving shaft; but it is apparent that the same result would be` produced by an oscillating arm or leverl instead of said connecting-rod.

The end of the connecting-rod may be bifurcated or single, and at its extremity it' is jointed to the cross-headE, which moves in guides, the same or `parallel with the guides in which the ram A moves. The cross-head E has a central orifice, e, wthrough which the piston G passes, and said orifice is larger than said piston, so that there is no contact between the piston and cross-head. The central portion of the cross-head concentric to thek orifice e is depressed, to form seats for the buffers F and G, and said central orifice isso largethat the shock or concussion of the blow will be received and entirely absorbed by the substance of the buffers, and none of said shock will be transmitted to the cross-head E or to the driving mechanism. The weight of the hammer and piston is sustained by the buffer G, and said buffer yields at the bottomof the stroke and permits the hammer to continue its motion after the driving mechanism has ceased to descend, and its recoil lifts the ram faster than the ascent of the driving mechanism, and the hammer therefore delivers an elastic blow, while the elasticity of the buifer prevents all shock to the driving mechanism. The buffer F acts independently and alternately, and in direction opposite to the movement of the buffer G. Its elasticity prevents shock from the sudden reversal of the motion of the drivinggear at the top of its reciprocation, and its recoil causes the hammer to move downward faster than the movement of the driving-gear, and the intensity and force of thev blow is increased.

It is apparent that the hammer moves through a longer reciprocation than the driving-rod D, and that the motion in both directions is positive.y The buffers F andG are independent of each other in their location and effect. They are preferably composed of indiarubber, because that substance reacts more quickly as a spring than any other, and because it is a perfect absorbent of shock which metallic springs will transmit. The seat f, in which the lower end of the buffer F rests, is

extended upward and slightly outward, formv i and the elastic buers F G above and below said cross-head, to constitu-te an else-stia'V connection between said cross-head and the piston; C, substantially as set; forth.

2. The cross-head E, constructed with its bui'er-seats, as described, and a central orifice,

c, larger than the piston C, combined with said i piston and said buiers F G, as set forth.

3. In combination with the pistonY C and buffer F, the jacketf, to protect said buffer from the' heat of the metal under the' hammer, as

set forth. JOHN C. BUTTERFIELD.

Witnesses:

R. D. O. SMITH,

N. B. SMITH. 

